Dunaliella salina - Overview

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                 Dunaliella salina Dunaliella salina is a unicellular microalgae belong to division Chlorophyta . It is found in salinity environments such as salted brines, salt evaporation ponds, and hypersaline lakes  .It is able to tolerate varying NaCl concentrations, ranging from 0.2% to approximately 35% . Thus, Dunaliella salina is a hyper-halotolerant organism found in high densities in saline lakes.  The ability to tolerate high salt concentrations is advantageous, since competition is minimal in high salt concentration areas.  How D.salina   tolerate high salt concentration? D. salina has adapted to survive in high salinity environments by accumulating glycerol to balance osmotic pressure. Note :  D. salina is also adapted to solar radiation using β-carotene to protect against ionizing energy.                 Red Colour of Salt Brines  Dunaliella salina...
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Roberstsonian translocation

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What is Roberstsonian translocation?

  • A Robertsonian translocation results when the long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes fuse at the centromere and the two short arms are lost.

  • It is the most common form of chromosomal translocation in humans .

  • About 1 in 1,000 people are born with a robertsonian translocation.
          Image source: Google

                            Symptoms

  • The condition does not necessarily cause any symptoms, but some people with it may face difficulties having a family. People who carry the abnormality, however, may pass it on to their children. Aspiring parents may wish to seek genetic counseling before starting a family.

                              Examples

Long arms of chromosomes 13 and 14 fuse, no significant genetic material is lost—and the person is completely normal in spite of the translocation.


About 95% of people with Down syndrome have Trisomy 21. With this type of Down syndrome, each cell in the body has 3. separate copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual 2 copies. Translocation Down syndrome: This type accounts for a small percentage of people with Down syndrome (about 3%).

                Effect on fertility

When you or your partner carry a Robertsonian translocation, you may be at a high riskTrusted Source for infertility or miscarriage. And when people with this translocation carry a child to term, the child may be at a high risk for chromosomal imbalance.

If you’ve had more than one miscarriage or know you’ve been pregnant with a foetus that carries a chromosomal imbalance, your doctor may advise genetic testing for a Robertsonian translocation. If either you or your partner has this translocation, a risk assessment that analyzes the DNA you carry as well as genetic counseling may need to be considered for future pregnancies.



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