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Dunaliella salina - Overview

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                 Dunaliella salina Dunaliella salina is a unicellular microalgae belong to division Chlorophyta . It is found in salinity environments such as salted brines, salt evaporation ponds, and hypersaline lakes  .It is able to tolerate varying NaCl concentrations, ranging from 0.2% to approximately 35% . Thus, Dunaliella salina is a hyper-halotolerant organism found in high densities in saline lakes.  The ability to tolerate high salt concentrations is advantageous, since competition is minimal in high salt concentration areas.  How D.salina   tolerate high salt concentration? D. salina has adapted to survive in high salinity environments by accumulating glycerol to balance osmotic pressure. Note :  D. salina is also adapted to solar radiation using β-carotene to protect against ionizing energy.                 Red Colour of Salt Brines  Dunaliella salina...

Cancer: Types,Symptoms,Causes,Tests

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Cancer :  Abnormal, uncontrolled and excessive mitotic division of cells is cancer. Causes of cancer: *  Mutation in the genes *  Cell death decreases-inactivate suicidal genes. *  Tumor suppressor gene inactive *  Conversion of protooncogene into oncogene that is responsible of excessive mitosis. *   Carcinogens Carcinogens may be physical, biological and  chemical. Physical:  Radiations ;radiations is of two types:ionising and non-ionising.Xrays and gamma rays are ionising while UV rays are non-ionising. Chemical : Smoking, N-Nitrosodimethylene, hormones imbalanance Biological:  cancer causing viruses;oncogenic virus. Types of Cancer: 1) Benign tumour :  Abnormal mass of cell restricted to a specific area. 2 )Malignant tumour:   Abnormal mass of cells that grow quickly and spread to other parts of body. On basis of tissues affected: 1) Carcinoma :  Cancer of epithelial tis...